10 lies that got you (and keep you) in credit card debt

By Karen Datko

This post comes from partner blog The Dough Roller.

While we don't have any credit card debt now, except for 0% APR balance transfers, there was a time when we did. While we never let our credit cards get completely out of control, we did build up several thousand dollars on our credit cards when I first got out of college.

So having gotten into card debt and then climbed out of it, we've learned many of the causes of this financial pain. The fact is, we can talk ourselves into using our credit cards in ways that will hurt our finances down the road.

So here are 10 lies we tell ourselves that get us in credit card debt and keep us there.

It's an emergency. Often we go into debt by convincing ourselves that we have an emergency. Certainly there are times when a true emergency arises. Medical expenses are a good example of a real crisis. But many times what we call an emergency isn't really an emergency. Whether it's a second car that needs repair, or even our child's college education, we can often go without addressing what at first seems like an urgent expense. If life or liberty isn't at stake, it's probably not a true emergency.

We deserve it. This one has snagged us more than once. After working so hard to save money and spend wisely, sometimes we let our guard down under the guise of a reward. Perhaps you've had a hard week at work, and spending $150 on a fancy dinner that you can't really afford seems like a good idea and something you've earned. The problem is that it's like taking one step forward, two steps back. The "reward" just digs you deeper and deeper into debt.

We all need a break now and again. But if you are fighting credit card debt, don't go into more debt as a reward. Find some other way to reward yourself that doesn't make your financial problems more severe.

It's a bargain. Bargains are great, but they shouldn't be used as an excuse to spend more than we have. Great deals also shouldn't be used to buy more than we need. The one thing I've learned is that great deals generally come and go pretty regularly. Regardless, it's not a great deal if you spend a ton of money on credit card interest paying off the debt over months or even years.

It's not much money. It's so easy to spend money we don't have if we spend it in small amounts. Here's a factoid: Last year the Bush stimulus bill sent out stimulus payments to those taxpayers who qualified. Under the 2009 stimulus plan, payments will not be sent in lump-sum checks. Instead, those taxpayers who qualify for a stimulus payment will see their take-home pay increased each month by about $7 to $13. Why? Because we are more likely to spend an extra $10 or so each month than we are a lump-sum $400 to $800.

The same is true with "small" credit card debt. Enough small charges on the card over time can grow into a mountain of debt. If you are fighting your way out of credit card debt, there is no such thing as a small credit card charge.

The payment is small. Let's be honest. How many have justified a purchase based on the monthly finance cost? We all do that when we buy a home, asking ourselves if we can afford the payments. But with credit cards, it can be a real problem. Because most cards calculate the monthly payment at about 2% of the outstanding balance, payments are extremely small compared with the amount owed.

For example, you can nab a $1,000 TV and pay "only" about $20 to $30 a month for it. The small credit card payments have probably caused more financial turmoil for many consumers than any other factor. Remember, the payment may be small and manageable at first, but buy enough on credit and the payments grow substantially. On top of that, you still have to pay back the borrowed amount with interest.

The card rewards make it worth it. We take advantage of many travel reward credit card offers and cash-back rewards. But if the allure of these awards is putting you deeper and deeper into debt, they just aren't worth it. If you pay off your card each month, the rewards are great. But if you don't, stay away from them. In fact, if the rewards are tempting you into credit card debt, get a card without rewards or just use your debit card.

Offers of 0% APR on purchases. The 0% APR and low-interest credit cards can be like a drug dealer giving away his product for free -- at first. Once you're hooked, prices go up, way up. In the case of credit cards, once the 0% APR introductory rate expires, interest rates can easily soar into the double digits. To avoid this, I've often turned down 0% APR deals, particularly those offered by furniture stores and other retailers. If you are going to use a 0% APR deal on purchases, make sure you can pay off the balance in full before the offer expires.

Offers of 0% APR on balance transfers. We've saved a ton of money with balance-transfer credit cards. We transferred home-equity debt from a home remodeling to 0% APR cards and have saved literally thousands of dollars in interest. But we also make sure to pay off the balance transfer before the 0% APR rate expires. We also make sure not to use the card for anything else while we still have a balance on the transfer deal.

Balance-transfer offers can be great, but just like 0% APR purchase offers, make sure you can pay off the debt before the 0% APR offer expires.

It's for my business. A business credit card, particularly for small companies, can serve many important roles. Business cards can be used by employees to easily track their expenses. They can also help keep your business expenses separate from personal expenses, which is particularly important at tax time. But like all credit cards, business cards can also cause you to spend more than you should. It's easy to justify the expense as necessary when you may be able to do without. All small-business owners have to decide for themselves, of course, just how necessary an expense is, but with business credit cards, it can be easy to spend more than you should.

I'll pay it off after graduation. This is perhaps the most insidious credit card lie of all. Study after study shows that the outstanding credit card balance for college students increases as they near graduation. There are a lot of reasons for this, but one reason is that they convince themselves that they can handle the debt once they graduate and get a job. The problem is that they start out in the workforce already in the hole. Credit card debt of $10,000 or more is not uncommon for college graduates. Add to that school loans, and debt can be overwhelming even before they get started.

So if you are a high school or college student, avoid revolving credit card debt like the plague.

Credit Cardholders' Bill of Rights: What it means for you

by Karen Datko

This post comes from partner blog The Dough Roller.

While the $700 billion bailout and presidential election have dominated the news, the U.S. House passed a major piece of credit card reform legislation. The Credit Cardholders' Bill of Rights Act of 2008 passed the House on Sept. 23 by a vote of 312-112 (with nine members not voting).

The bill, which still needs to pass the Senate before heading to the White House, would have a major impact on everything from how credit card issuers apply cardholder payments to outstanding debt to limits on interest rate increases.

Here are some of the more significant provisions of the act:

Retroactive interest rate increases and universal default limits. One of the biggest complaints leveled against the credit card industry is the practice of raising interest rates significantly due to a late payment or other default, or sometimes for no reason at all. The Credit Cardholders' Bill of Rights would limit a card issuer's ability to raise interest rates. Specifically, a credit card company could not (with some exceptions) raise interest rates on existing balances. Furthermore, if the interest rate on future balances was raised, the credit card issuer would be limited in how quickly it could insist that the old balance subject to the lower interest rate is paid off.

Here are some other interest rate-hike protections the act would provide:

• If a cardholder loses the benefit of an introductory rate, the new rate could not exceed what the interest rate would have been at the expiration of the introductory period.

• A consumer must be given a 45-day written notice before higher interest rates take effect.

Pro rata payment allocation. The act's provisions related to pro rata payment allocation are absolutely critical to balance-transfer credit cards. Here's the problem. Suppose you have a $5,000 credit card balance at 0% from a balance-transfer offer. Let's also assume that you've charged $500 worth of purchases that are subject to a interest rate of 10%. If you pay $500 at the end of the month, which balance does it go toward?

Under most credit card agreements today, the payment would go to the 0% balance first. Only when that was paid off would you begin to make a dent in the $500 balance subject to 10% interest. That's why I never use my balance-transfer cards for purchases. Under the statute, however, credit card companies would be required to allocate your payments across both the interest-free balance and the balance subject to a higher interest rate.

Double-cycle billing. The statute would also attack a practice that has long been criticized by consumer-advocacy groups, double-cycle billing. Under this practice some credit card issuers go back two billing cycles, not just one, to calculate a cardholder's average daily balance. The result can mean that you will pay interest on balances you paid off the previous month. This chart from a GAO report does a nice job of describing this practice:

Statements must be sent 25 days before payment is due. The Credit Cardholders' Bill of Rights would require credit card companies to send out your bill at least 25 days before it is due. The intent is to give consumers ample notice and an opportunity to pay the bill before interest charges accrue.

Over-the-limit transactions. This is where common sense and sunshine break through the dark clouds of consumer credit. Today credit card companies charge a fee if you go over your credit limit. The problem is that they let you go over the limit. Rather than rejecting a transaction that would cause you to exceed your available credit, the credit card companies approve the transaction, and then whack you with a fee.

One could argue that consumers should know their current balance and their credit limit, and not make purchases that send them over the limit. True enough. But there is something a bit twisted with the current scheme. The act would allow consumers to elect to have their credit card company reject any transactions that would send them over their limit.

Subprime or fee-harvester cards. This covers the truly dark side of the credit card industry. There are a variety of "bad credit" credit cards aimed at those with poor credit. The terms of the cards make payday loans look like a good deal. For example, check out the terms of the Tribute Gold MasterCard:

• Credit limit: $300

• Annual fee: $150

• Account-maintenance fee: $119.40 (billed monthly at $9.95)

• APR for purchases: 24.50%

Here's how that adds up, according to the credit card issuer: If you are approved for the $300 card, your credit line will be $300 and your annual fee of $150 will appear on your first statement. Your initial minimum payment of $30 must be received, cleared and posted on your credit card account before you can activate your card and use your credit card account. Your initial available credit will be $180. You will be billed an account-maintenance fee of $9.95 per month (total of $119.40 per year), beginning after you make your first purchase or cash advance.

The bill does not put a stop to these types of predatory lending practices, but it tries. What the bill provides is that if annual fees the first year exceed 25% of the available credit, the fees cannot be charged to the card. So in the case of the Tribute card, the consumer would have to shell out the $150 fee and annual account-maintenance fees rather than having them "conveniently" added to the card.

Impact on credit card offers. As you might imagine, the credit card industry is not in favor of the statute. Like any consumer-protection law, there would be some unintended consequences. For example, some credit card issuers have already started to raise interest rates on some cardholders in anticipation of this type of credit card reform becoming law. In addition, there is the potential for this act to have a negative impact on balance- transfer offers, cash-back rewards, travel rewards, and other lucrative credit card offers.

If you'd like to read the statute in its entirety, you can check it out at GovTrack, a great site to track federal legislation.