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Monday, February 9, 2009

Battle of the Knuckle Draggers

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2009 Dodge Charger SRT8 vs. 2009 Pontiac G8 GXP

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2009 Dodge Charger SRT8 vs. 2009 Pontiac G8 GXP

Point either the Dodge Charger SRT8 or Pontiac G8 GXP down the road. With a light touch on the brakes, run the revs up a bit. Slip off the brake and bury the throttle. There's a light chirp as tires scratch for bite. Then comes a sub-5.0-second sled ride to 60 mph. A tick over 13.0 sec. and you're through the quarter-mile. It's a rush, of course, but not overly dramatic. Try the same thing with this pair's predecessors of 1970 or so and you'll find yourself in a bit of a wrestling match. Ain't progress wonderful? Maybe yes, and maybe sometimes it's fun to wrestle.

Just saying "Charger" and "Hemi" will get you a free six-pack in some neighborhoods. And well it should, whether from a young driver loving his new Hemi or his old man (heck, maybe his old man's old man) getting nostalgic about the original Hemis. It has been 58 years since the first hemispherical-combustion-chamber Chrysler V-8.

Today's Hemi isn't as hemispherical as its ancestors and we miss those broad cylinder heads and their rocker covers. Still, the new Hemi is a powerful-looking piece, plastic panels with "HEMI 6.1L" hiding heads that sport ugly coil-on-plug electronics. Look beneath the cast-aluminum intake manifold and you'll see the classic orange paint on the engine block.

The Charger's aluminum fuel-injected V-8 puts out 425 bhp at 6200 rpm and 420 lb.-ft. of torque at 4800 rpm. That horsepower number matches the advertised output of the carbureted cast-iron 7.0-liter Hemi of the early 1970s. The modern Hemi, however, meets emissions and mileage standards thought impossible 35 years ago. Incidentally, Dodge does not use fuel-saving cylinder deactivation for the SRT8's 6.1-liter V-8.

Just saying "small-block" brings to mind a fabled engine line, one that has produced over 90 million V-8s since 1955. It's said there are only two constants in the universe, the speed of light and the bore centers of a small-block Chevy. The GXP's LS3 V-8 is true to that tradition.

Displacing 6.2 liters in the GXP, the all-aluminum V-8 is rated at 415 for both horsepower (at 5900 rpm) and lb.-ft. torque (at 4600 rpm). Like the Hemi, the GXP LS3 doesn't use cylinder deactivation.

While those GXP power numbers are impressive, you wouldn't necessarily guess it when you lift the hood to face a plastic panel that hides the engine. This camouflage is pretty enough, but we miss seeing the actual hardware.

While Dodge's SRT8 example of the modern All-American muscle car is built in Canada, Pontiac's G8 GXP is sourced from Australia via GM's Holden division. Any American motorhead could easily talk with an Aussie counterpart right down to the specifics of eking more power from small-block Ford and GM V-8s. We talk in horsepower and pounds-feet, they prefer kilowatts and Newton-meters and drive on the wrong side of the road, but otherwise the language, the basic equipment and the passion are the same. Just don't slip, let the accent confuse you and ask them if they're from England. Or New Zealand. They hate that.

Thankfully, down in Oz they never liked front-wheel drive for their powerful vehicles and never tried such odd combos as the Pontiac Grand Prix GXP with its 5.3-liter V-8/front-drive powertrain. Reminds one of the time Bill Veeck pinch hit a 3-ft. 7-in. midget to draw a walk against the Tigers. The ploy had its intended effect, but isn't remembered as great baseball.

Holden's adherence to rear drive is why the company got the Zeta platform program, which evolved into the General's "Global RWD Architecture." Prospects for this program are hazy these days, but the Zeta is the basis for the Pontiac G8 and Chevrolet's new Camaro.

Specifically, that means MacPherson strut front and 4-link independent rear suspension with stability control, designs tweaked at the Nürburgring, a first for a Pontiac. Brembo supplies the front brakes, with ventilated rotors on duty inside alloy wheels shod with P245/40R-19 tires.

Pontiac was able to cherry-pick from the Holden Commodore line to create the GXP. There's a lot from which to choose, including wild versions done by Holden's Special Vehicles group. But Pontiac passed on tall tail wings and large fender vents. Staying conservative, it based the GXP on the Commodore Calais V-Series, onto which was grafted a nicely done Pontiac twin-snout nose and a unique air-scoop hood.

One look is all it takes to identify the Charger as a Dodge. That gunsight grille is as recognizable as Jay Leno's chin and looks as though it might take a bite out of you. Work your way rearward to the broad shoulders over the rear wheels and the shape stays powerful, like muscled arms from a sleeveless sweatshirt. An aggressive front spoiler, hood scoop, rear wing and 5-spoke alloy wheels add to the image. There is a version with Super Bee striping, but we'd opt for the standard SRT8's stealthiness.

Like the GXP, the Charger has foreign roots, the chassis an E-class hand-me-down from Daimler and one of the best aspects of the SRT8. That would be Merc's upper and lower A-arm front suspension, the 5-link independent rear design and the Electronic Stability Program. The red Brembo calipers on all four vented discs are quite visible through the wheels fitted with 245-width front and 255-width rear tires.

That chunkier shape of the Charger makes it look larger, and it is. Overall it's 4.0 in. longer and on a 120.0-in. wheelbase versus the Pontiac's 114.8. Although the Charger is 0.3 in. narrower, the two cars have identical heights and almost identical \tracks. As befits its generally larger size, the Charger outweighs the GXP by 185 lb.

Still, by EPA measurements the interior volume of the GXP is greater than the Charger's. And that's felt in the rear seat area, where Pontiac comes out ahead. Ditto with luggage space.

Layouts of the dashboards of the two cars are similar, from readable four-dial instrument panels to the placement of navigation/audio/climate-control panels to rotary headlight switches to their steering wheel switchgear. Both are good-looking displays, but the Dodge's is a bit less fussy than the Pontiac's.

You can tell the GXP's design is not GM-Detroit. When would they use roller knobs for seatback angle and spec a Blaupunkt radio? These differences add to the Pontiac's imported aura...a hint of BMW or Audi?

We think the dashboard of the Dodge has a more solid look. The Pontiac's display requires more pieces, being built as left- or right-hand drive — hence the center console-mounted window switches — and doesn't have that carved-from-one-piece look.

And we love the Charger's in-dash test computer that will read out 0–60 and quarter-mile acceleration, lateral and longitudinal g's and braking distances. Thankfully, it has a memory or you might find yourself sliding off into the bushes while being charmed by the dial.

Managing Editor Andy Bornhop and I were split on the seats — he liked the manner in which the big side bolsters of the Charger's seats hold you in place, while I preferred the slimmer style of the GXP's buckets. To each his own, both seats being comfortable for the several days we were in the cars. There's no denying the rear seat of the Pontiac is more spacious than that of the Dodge.

GXPs can be ordered with a Tremec 6-speed manual transmission and SRT8s can't. Both our test cars, however, had automatics, five speeds in the Dodge, six for the Pontiac. Each has manual-select gates and we still prefer the Dodge's left-right gear selector over the Pontiac's fore-aft system. Then again, the Pontiac's automatic is more in tune with the driver, matching revs on downshifts.

Running through those gears, the G8 just barely beat the Charger, the score in seconds to 60 mph being Pontiac 4.7, Dodge 4.9. The margin slimmed to 0.1 sec. though the quarter-mile, the Pontiac running 13.1 sec. at 109.4 mph, the Dodge 13.2 at 108.8. While the LS3 does its work with a strong, healthy exhaust sound, the rumble of the Hemi is enough to make any V-8 lover weak in the knees.

op speed of the Charger is claimed at 165 mph, while the GXP's is electronically set to 155 mph, thanks to its tires.

Braking distances were also remarkably similar, within a few feet of each other from both 60 and 80 mph. And with Brembos on duty in each car, there was no question of stability or fade problems.

This is getting too even-steven. Heck, both cars even have MSRPs hovering near $40,000. So perhaps you're expecting a difference around the skidpad and through the slalom, right? Sorry, no luck. Both cars generated 0.88g, while the difference in slalom speeds of 65.0 mph for the GXP and 65.8 for the Charger is not that significant.

Then again, how the pair went through the slalom underlined a major difference between these rivals.

Rush the Charger through the cones and you'll find it corners flat and planted, with little body roll and moderate understeer. Do the same with the Pontiac and it's a different story, leaning at each gate with the back end wanting to work its way out.

Hustle the Charger down two-lane canyon highways and you'll be aware of its wide footprint and just-heavy-enough steering. There's light understeer, but it increases driver confidence, especially as you pick your way along unfamiliar roads.

With the GXP, body roll is more abundant, and the steering feels almost too light — with limits less certain. Nevertheless, the Pontiac is great fun on the road, more alive and willing than the Dodge.

In short, the Dodge gives you a greater feeling of security on a hard drive, but you can go faster in the more agile Pontiac.

As you might expect, neither car has a boulevard ride — Bornhop calls it "the firm side of acceptable" — but given their performance potential they are quite livable for long hauls on all but the roughest surfaces.

As a senior member of the R&T staff, one who had the pleasure of road-testing the original muscle cars in their day, I love the Charger-G8 duo for a pair of reasons.

First, quality. Simply, the G8 and Charger are very well built and the originals weren't. Today's duo has the sort of build quality even many luxury cars lacked in the muscle-car era. Slim, even body gaps, smooth paint, good materials, reliable parts and pieces, and not a squeak to be heard.

Second, that sense of quality also comes across in the driving. Whether you prefer the more Euro style of the GXP's handling, as I did, or take Bornhop's side with the more American approach of the SRT8, both are fun. Or, once you've parked the cars for the night, you can think of the GXP as a fine Australian Shiraz, the SRT8 a quality American beer.

Should you get too ambitious on the road in either car, stability control is ready to save your bacon, backed up by airbags and other safety systems. The V-8s are not just powerful and clean, but also darn reliable. Ditto with the transmissions.

The pair's predecessors were a hoot in a straight line. But once the road began to shuffle left or right, they were not. These are. But one note of caution: If the Charger SRT8 or G8 GXP tempts you, keep in mind they may not be around two years from now.

There are new Chrysler 300s and Dodge Chargers planned for 2011, but the automaker's very existence is in jeopardy. Even in a best-case scenario, stricter CAFE demands will put the squeeze on the Hemi.

GM's plans already limit G8 sales in the U.S., and with rumors swirling of a major switch back to front-wheel drive for many GM 4-doors, a future rear-drive muscle sedan seems a bad bet. We can only hope the public will realize just how good these current cars are.

4.7L Aston V8 Vantage- Is it the Best Aston?

2009 Aston Martin V8 Vantage Front Three Quarters View


Forget the DBS. Seriously. Compared with that V-12-powered moviestarmobile, the 2009 Aston Martin V8 Vantage -- updated with a newly enlarged, more potent V-8 -- is easily as quick, lighter and nimbler, and arguably every bit as good-looking. Yet the Vantage sells for about half the price.

That's the story in a nutshell: If you're shopping for an Aston, we've just saved you about $140K (we accept 10-percent honorariums for our services; please mail checks to "Those Americans at the Bar," c/o Grand Hotel du Cap-Ferrat). A larger question remains, though: Do you really want this Aston at all?

The last time we tested a Vantage (April 2006 -- a head-to-head matchup against the Porsche 911 Carrera S), we praised its pizzazz but wanted more power from the 4.3-liter V-8 (rated at 380 horsepower). Aiming at Aston CEO Ulrich Bez, we asked, "Is there room to bore that baby out a couple mils, Dr. B?"

Apparently, Dr. Bez heard our query -- and listened -- because the new V-8 gets those bored mils (and additional stroke, too): The 32-valve V-8 now displaces 4735 cc. Horsepower climbs to 420 at 7000 rpm, torque to 347 pound-feet at 5750 rpm (versus 302 at 5000). Also upgraded are the six-speed manual and Sportshift automanual transmissions; changes include a lighter clutch and flywheel (which also reduces pedal effort on the manual) and, on Sportshift, a smarter computer that automatically holds the selected gear if it detects cornering inputs at the steering wheel.

Underneath, a newly available Sports Pack adds lightweight forged alloy wheels (19-inchers are now standard on all models) plus stiffer springs and shocks, trading some body roll and ride cushion for flatter cornering and quicker response.

We ran two V8 Vantage test cars at the track, though not by choice. The first, seen here in the photos, carried the six-speed manual transmission. Around town and during a brisk mountain drive, the manual compiled a compelling case for itself, proving quick and precise as it sliced-off healthy servings of torque from the sizzling V-8 up front. Then, after a single warm-up run on the dragstrip, the shift lever suddenly fell limp. Apparently, says an Aston spokesperson, the linkage had somehow disconnected from the shifter. Bottom line: The car disappeared on a flatbed, never to return.

Nonetheless, on its first run the Aston had clocked a 0-to-60-mph time of 4.1 seconds and a quarter mile of 12.5 seconds at 115.0 mph, easily bettering the 4.3-liter car's performance (5.2 seconds; 13.6 seconds at 105.8 mph) and even topping the times of the mighty, 520-horse DBS with six-speed automatic (4.2 seconds to 60 mph; 12.6 seconds at 112.3 mph in the quarter). And the Vantage hadn't even revealed its full potential. "Definitely could've gone quicker," said test driver Scott Mortara. "Probably under four seconds to 60."

We'll never know. Unable to repair the broken transmission in time for this review, Aston instead served up another test car, this one equipped with a six-speed, dual-clutch, paddle-shift automanual. First, the bad news: Around town and in spirited driving, the auto-clutch transmission was no match for the full manual, proving both sluggish and clunky. And now the really bad news: The auto-clutch car wouldn't allow an aggressive track launch. Instead, it simply attempted to roast its clutch. Opting to spare the car from self-flagellation, we recorded no additional timed runs.

Does the new Sports Pack pay handling dividends? Why, yes: The new Vantage circled our figure-eight course in 24.5 seconds at 0.79 average g, compared with 25.7 seconds at 0.72 g average for the outgoing car.

So, yes, in some ways Aston has upped its game. There's no denying the Vantage's rarity and beauty (lined up with the 911, it looks like a leopard next to an ostrich egg). Nor are there many engines on the planet whose exhaust note alone can convince you that $136,630 is an entirely reasonable sum to pay for an automobile. It's this timbre -- the V-8's nerve-chilling shriek above 4000 rpm -- that inspires the phrase "the sound of ripping silk." Of course, that's really just another hackneyed auto-journalism cliche. Besides, what the Vantage's V-8 really sounds like is a ripping silk-and-mohair blend.

But...You knew there'd be a "but," didn't you? Before you run out to buy the "discount" Aston Martin, consider these factors. The transmission woes aren't reassuring (in comparison, we've run Porsches all over the world without so much as a shifting hiccup). And then there are...the annoyances. The sport seats are so spine-unfriendly they should come with free massage coupons. The shift paddles, mounted on the column, are so small that with the wheel turned only slightly you have to move your hands to reach them. The flip-up nav screen shows only nav info; audio functions are relegated to a small LED display. The ignition key -- er, "Emotion Control Unit" -- looks impressive but it's no "smart key" (it can't open the doors automatically or start the engine from your pocket), and it's tricky to insert into the dash for a proper engine start. The...well, you get the idea.

Those in search of spectacular tailoring and engine fireworks will adore this new Aston Martin. Porsche, however, has not a thing to worry about.


2009 Aston Martin V8 Vantage
Base Price $120,850
Price as tested $136,630
Vehicle layout Front engine, RWD, 2-pass, 2-door coupe
Engine 4.7L/420-hp/347-lb-ft DOHC 32-valve V-8
Transmission 6-speed manual
Curb weight (dist f/r) 3606 lb (49/51%)
Wheelbase 102.5 in
Length x width x height 172.5 x 73.5 x 49.5 in
0-60 mph 4.1 sec
Quarter mile 12.5 sec @ 115 mph
Braking, 60-0 mph 111 ft
Motor Trend figure eight 24.5 sec @ 0.79 g (avg)
Lateral acceleration 0.97 g (avg)
EPA city/hwy fuel econ 12/19 mpg
CO2 emmissions 1.35 lb/mile
On sale in U.S. Currently



Hacking Android For Multitouch Web Browsing on the T-Mobile

A handy guide to hacking android for multitouch web browsing (iPhone like) on the T-Mobile G1

read more | digg story

Christian Bale + David After Dentist = Mash-up of the week (explict)

Auto-Tune: Why Pop Music Sounds Perfect


By Josh Tyrangiel

If you haven't been listening to pop radio in the past few months, you've missed the rise of two seemingly opposing trends. In a medium in which mediocre singing has never been a bar to entry, a lot of pop vocals suddenly sound great. Better than great: note- and pitch-perfect, as if there's been an unspoken tightening of standards at record labels or an evolutionary leap in the development of vocal cords. At the other extreme are a few hip-hop singers who also hit their notes but with a precision so exaggerated that on first listen, their songs sound comically artificial, like a chorus of '50s robots singing Motown.

The force behind both trends is an ingenious plug-in called Auto-Tune, a downloadable studio trick that can take a vocal and instantly nudge it onto the proper note or move it to the correct pitch. It's like Photoshop for the human voice. Auto-Tune doesn't make it possible for just anyone to sing like a pro, but used as its creator intended, it can transform a wavering performance into something technically flawless. "Right now, if you listen to pop, everything is in perfect pitch, perfect time and perfect tune," says producer Rick Rubin. "That's how ubiquitous Auto-Tune is." (Download TIME's Auto-Tune Podcast from iTunes)

Auto-Tune's inventor is a man named Andy Hildebrand, who worked for years interpreting seismic data for the oil industry. Using a mathematical formula called autocorrelation, Hildebrand would send sound waves into the ground and record their reflections, providing an accurate map of potential drill sites. It's a technique that saves oil companies lots of money and allowed Hildebrand to retire at 40. He was debating the next chapter of his life at a dinner party when a guest challenged him to invent a box that would allow her to sing in tune. After he tinkered with autocorrelation for a few months, Auto-Tune was born in late 1996.

Almost immediately, studio engineers adopted it as a trade secret to fix flubbed notes, saving them the expense and hassle of having to redo sessions. The first time common ears heard Auto-Tune was on the immensely irritating 1998 Cher hit "Believe." In the first verse, when Cher sings "I can't break through" as though she's standing behind an electric fan, that's Auto-Tune--but it's not the way Hildebrand meant it to be used. The program's retune speed, which adjusts the singer's voice, can be set from zero to 400. "If you set it to 10, that means that the output pitch will get halfway to the target pitch in 10 milliseconds," says Hildebrand. "But if you let that parameter go to zero, it finds the nearest note and changes the output pitch instantaneously"--eliminating the natural transition between notes and making the singer sound jumpy and automated. "I never figured anyone in their right mind would want to do that," he says.

Like other trends spawned by Cher, the creative abuse of Auto-Tune quickly went out of fashion, although it continued to be an indispensable, if inaudible, part of the engineer's toolbox. But in 2003, T-Pain (Faheem Najm), a little-known rapper and singer, accidentally stumbled onto the Cher effect while Auto-Tuning some of his vocals. "It just worked for my voice," says T-Pain in his natural Tallahassee drawl. "And there wasn't anyone else doing it."

Since his 2005 debut album, T-Pain has sent a dozen slightly raunchy, mechanically cheery singles into the Top 10. He contributed to four nominated songs at this year's Grammys on Feb. 8 (see page 51), and his influence is still spreading. When Kanye West was looking for an effect to match some heartbroken lyrics, he flew T-Pain to Hawaii to see how many ways they could tweak Auto-Tune. Diddy gave a percentage of his upcoming album's profits to T-Pain in exchange for some lessons. Even Prince is rumored to be experimenting with Auto-Tune on his new record. "I know [Auto-Tune] better than anyone," says T-Pain. "And even I'm just figuring out all the ways you can use it to change the mood of a record." (See pictures of Diddy.)

Other sonic tricks have had their moment--notably Peter Frampton's "talk- box," a plastic tube that made his guitar sound as if it were talking--but in skilled hands, Auto-Tune is the rare gimmick that can lead to innovation. On T-Pain's latest album, Thr33 Ringz, tracks like "Karaoke" and "Chopped N Skrewed" literally bounce between notes, giving the record a kids-on--Pop Rocks exuberance. Using the same program, West's 808s & Heartbreak is the complete opposite--angsty, slow and brutally introspective. West sings throughout, and while he couldn't have hit most of the notes without Auto-Tune, he also couldn't have sounded as ghostly and cold, and it's that alienated tone that made 808s one of the best albums of last year.

Plenty of critics raved about West's use of Auto-Tune, but T-Pain is often dismissed as a novelty act. (Not that he minds: "I'd rather be known for something than unknown for nothing.") But unlike most singers, he acknowledges the impact Auto-Tune has had on his career. Of the half a dozen engineers and producers interviewed for this story, none could remember a pop recording session in the past few years when Auto-Tune didn't make a cameo--and none could think of a singer who would want that fact known. "There's no shame in fixing a note or two," says Jim Anderson, professor of the Clive Davis department of recorded music at New York University and president of the Audio Engineering Society. "But we've gone far beyond that."

Some Auto-Tuning is almost unavoidable. Most contemporary music is composed on Pro Tools, a program that lets musicians and engineers record into a computer and map out songs on a visual grid. You can cut at one point on the grid and paste at another, just as in word-processing, but making sure the cuts match up requires the even pitch that Auto-Tune provides. "It usually ends up just like plastic surgery," says a Grammy-winning recording engineer. "You haul out Auto-Tune to make one thing better, but then it's very hard to resist the temptation to spruce up the whole vocal, give everything a little nip-tuck." Like plastic surgery, he adds, more people have had it than you think. "Let's just say I've had Auto-Tune save vocals on everything from Britney Spears to Bollywood cast albums. And every singer now presumes that you'll just run their voice through the box."

Rubin, who's produced artists as diverse as the Dixie Chicks and Metallica, worries that the safety net of Auto-Tune is making singers lazy. "Sometimes a singer will do lots of takes when they're recording a song, and you really can hear the emotional difference when someone does a great performance vs. an average one," says Rubin. "If you're pitch-correcting, you might not bother to make the effort. You might just get it done and put it through the machine so it's all in tune." Rubin has taken to having an ethical conversation before each new recording session. "I encourage artists to embrace a natural process," he says. (See pictures of Rick Rubin.)

With the exception of Milli Vanilli's, pop listeners have always been fairly indulgent about performers' ethics. It's hits that matter, and the average person listening to just one pop song on the radio will have a hard time hearing Auto-Tune's impact; it's effectively deceptive. But when track after track has perfect pitch, the songs are harder to differentiate from one another--which explains why pop is in a pretty serious lull at the moment. It also changes the way we hear unaffected voices. "The other day, someone was talking about how Aretha Franklin at the Inauguration was a bit pitchy," says Anderson. "I said, 'Of course! She was singing!' And that was a musician talking. People are getting used to hearing things dead on pitch, and it's changed their expectations."

Despite Randy Jackson's stock American Idol critique--"A little pitchy, dawg"--many beloved songs are actually off-pitch or out of tune. There's Ringo Starr on "With a Little Help from My Friends," of course, and just about every blues song slides into notes as opposed to hitting them dead on. Even Norah Jones, the poster girl of pure vocals, isn't perfect. "There's some wonderful imperfections of pitch on 'Don't Know Why' from Come Away with Me," says Anderson, "and most of the other tunes on the album as well. But I wouldn't want to change a single note."

Let's hope that pop's fetish for uniform perfect pitch will fade, even if the spread of Auto-Tune shows no signs of slowing. A $99 version for home musicians was released in November 2007, and T-Pain and Auto-Tune's parent company are finishing work on an iPhone app. "It's gonna be real cool," says T-Pain. "Basically, you can add Auto-Tune to your voice and send it to your friends and put it on the Web. You'll be able to sound just like me." Asked if that might render him no longer unique, T-Pain laughs: "I'm not too worried. I got lots of tricks you ain't seen yet. It's everybody else that needs to step up their game."

Perfect Pitch? To hear Auto-Tune in action, go to time.com/autotune

Huge Tornado Crosses Over I-70 Near Quinter, Kansas, USA



harkphoto.com — 23 May 2008. Photographer and videographer: William T. Hark


Elephant trunk tornado from the second storm approaching I-70":
#1. http://www.harkphoto.com/052308trunk1.jpg
Tornado "Crossing I-70":
#2. http://www.harkphoto.com/052308trunk2.jpg (submitted photo)

#3. http://www.harkphoto.com/052308trunk3.jpg


#4. Video of the tornado, begin watching at 3:40 (3 minutes and 40 seconds): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B_Qk0uxK3tI


Car damage due to a tornado on 23 May 2008:
#5. http://www.harkphoto.com/may23damagedcarGoveCounty ... (www.harkphoto.com/may23damagedcarGoveCountyKS.jpg)

Full story (and via for all of the above) at http://www.stormtrack.org/forum/showpost.php?p=179 ... (www.stormtrack.org/forum/showpost.php?p=179617&postcount=69)

Jellyfish protein helps regrow joint cartilage

February 7th, 2009 The Yomiuri Shimbun in Medicine & Health / Research

Mucin, a protein extracted from Nomura's jellyfish, has proved highly effective in regrowing cartilage in joints, scientists in Japan claim.

The finding may provide a beneficial use of the jellyfish, also known as echizen kurage, which have been a damage-causing plague to the nation's fisheries.

The curative effect of the protein nearly doubles when it is mixed with hyaluronic acid, a chemical usually used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, according to the results of experiments on rabbits undertaken at Tokai University and the Institute of Physical and Chemical Science.

The results of the research are scheduled to be officially reported at a meeting of the Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine to be held in Tokyo in March.

Kiminori Ushida, head of the institute, and his team succeeded in extracting the protein from the jellyfish.

The research team eroded cartilage in the knee joints of rabbits to induce symptoms of osteoarthritis and later injected hyaluronic acid mixed with mucin into the worn joints. When they examined the rabbits 10 weeks later, the worn-down cartilage had almost totally regrown.

The recovery rate was about 1.6 to 2.6 times higher than in rabbits that received shots of only hyaluronic acid, according to the team.

___

(c) 2009, The Yomiuri Shimbun.
Visit the Daily Yomiuri Online at http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/index-e.htm/
Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services.

Thai Girls Go Gaga for "Big Eye" Contacts

Bangkok will be submerged by 2030

On the urban coast outside Bangkok, city workers set up pipes to flush out daily floodwaters back into the Gulf of Thailand. The kingdom’s National Disaster Warning Center warns that seawater could eventually consume the city. (Pailin Wedel/GlobalPost)


Thailand's top disaster expert once foretold the 2004 tsunami. Now, he says the nation's capital will be submerged by 2030.

By Patrick Winn - GlobalPost

GREATER BANGKOK – High tide brings a rush of salt water into this seaside city, where sewers overflow many mornings and flood the streets.

While taxis slosh through filthy puddles, dozens of rusty pipes and generators begin pumping floodwaters back into the bay. And by late morning, the pools have receded through gutter grates and the roads are dry.

Flooding is already a fact of life in Samut Prakan, this urban port roughly 16 kilometers (10 miles) from Bangkok proper. While many Thais shrug off the flooding as an inconvenience, the country’s top disaster specialist sees doom in the rising waters.

“Right now, nothing is being done,” says Meteorologist Smith Dharmasaroja, head of Thailand’s National Disaster Warning Center. “And if nothing is ever done? Bangkok will be flooded.”

For an animated look at Bangkok's wetter future, click here:

By 2030, much of Bangkok will lie under 1.5 meters (5 feet) of seawater, Smith says. It’s a claim made doubly ominous by his history of predicting natural disasters.

In the late 1990s, he predicted that a tsunami would batter Thailand’s coast. Thousands will die, he said, if the government doesn’t install an early warning system to alerting tourists and coastal dwellers.

In 2004, this prophecy was tragically vindicated. Ex-Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra helped pull Smith out of retirement to direct the newly founded disaster warning center. To this day, his small office building is outfitted with massive wall maps, bays of monitors and red-alert hotlines — just in case a tsunami strikes again.

Smith’s attention, however, is now fixed on floods.

Polar ice melting has the world’s sea level rising at more than one-tenth of an inch per year, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Bangkok’s steel and concrete buildings, which weigh down on soft clay underneath, are causing the capitol to sink more than 3 inches per year on average, Smith says. And many natural flood buffers, such as coastal mangroves, were replaced with cement long ago.

Those factors will conspire, Smith says, to flood Bangkok with seawater. By his math, the low-lying city will take on more than .75 meters (2.5 feet) of water every 10 years. Along Bangkok’s posh riverfront — a promenade of deluxe apartments and hotels — city workers are already dispatched to brace the shoreline with sandbags. “This is not a solution,” Smith says. “It’s temporary and it’s a waste of time.”

At Samut Prakan, practically walking distance from Bangkok’s city limits, riverside pavilions are draped with ugly rubber tubing. The bay view is spoiled by gas-powered generators and their corroded pipes, which gush floodwaters over the plaza’s railing.

The city floods a little almost every morning at high tide, said Sarawut Kankamneard, a glassmaker who lives nearby. “When tide is high, water pressure builds up,” he said. “It floods the sewers and runs into the city.”

To hear Smith tell it, this is doomsday in its infancy. In 2100, by his projections, Bangkok will be Atlantis. He is calling for a massive dike spanning the Gulf of Thailand, a roughly $2.8 billion USD project by his estimation. But to save Bangkok, he insists, construction must begin almost immediately.

Biblical as Smith’s predications may be, flooding is not on Thailand’s national agenda. To many politicians and scientists, Smith remains a nag. To Bangkok business interests protecting the value of their riverfront property, he is an outright threat. And while no one disagrees that Bangkok is sinking, other meteorologists strike a less urgent tone.

The urban coast outside Bangkok, dotted with thousands of piers and factories, will likely go underwater in coming decades, said Anond Snidvongs, director of the Southeast Asia Regional Research Center. But the sea will flow and recede with Thailand’s rainy and dry seasons, he says, leaving the area uninhabitable for only about 60 days a year.

“It won’t be a permanent sea level rise, like we’re in Neverland,” he says.

Still, Anond says a slow retreat strategy is much more feasible than a huge dike, which will disturb the environment. Building the dike, he says, would exceed the cost of a government-sponsored relocation drive for families living on the bay.

“Don’t try to save the shoreline,” Anond says. “It’s beyond hope.”

Despite his cachet earned from predicting Thailand’s tsunami, Smith remains a minor-league public figure. Thailand’s government is fragile and struggling to solve immediate problems, let alone crises that will haunt some future administration. Smith knows politicians are unlikely to adopt his cause and build his dike.

“All my life, I’ve worked for the people,” Smith says. “And I’m attacked.”

Even in Greater Bangkok, where seawater already runs in the streets, the flooding is tolerated. With barges and navy vessels bobbing on the horizon, locals strolling along the waterfront sidestep the tubes that flush invading waters back into the bay.

“It’s actually nicer now,” said Sarawut, the glassmaker. “If you could see what’s underneath the water, it’s all garbage anyway.”

Whiff of change in US medical marijuana policy

By Devlin Barrett Associated Press Writer / February 7, 2009

WASHINGTON—The White House won't say it explicitly. Neither will the Drug Enforcement Administration. Yet there is a whiff in the air that U.S. policy is about to change when it comes to medical marijuana.

The message is clear, said UCLA professor Mark Kleiman, a former Justice Department official and an expert on crime and drug policy.

"It is no longer federal policy to beat up on hippies," said Kleiman.

Tell that to the DEA.

In California this past week, agents raided four dispensaries in Los Angeles and seized 500 pounds of pot.

"It's a little bit surprising, because I think current DEA management didn't get the message," said Kleiman. "The message is, this is no longer drug warrior time. We are not on a cultural crusade against pot-smoking."

California law permits the sale of marijuana for medical purposes, though it is still against federal law.

Thirteen states have laws permitting medicinal use of marijuana. California is unique among them for the presence of dispensaries, businesses that sell marijuana and even advertise their services. Legal under California law, such dispensaries are still illegal under federal law.

"Anyone possessing, distributing or cultivating marijuana for any reason is in violation of federal law," Sarah Pullen, a DEA spokeswoman in Los Angeles, said Thursday.

That may be the law, but it contradicts the medical marijuana position of the new president.

"The president believes that federal resources should not be used to circumvent state laws, and as he continues to appoint senior leadership to fill out the ranks of the federal government, he expects them to review their policies with that in mind," said White House spokesman Nick Shapiro, repeating past statements.

So on Friday, DEA officials in Washington declined to comment at all on the subject.

As a presidential candidate, Obama repeatedly promised a change in federal drug policy in situations where state laws allow use of medical marijuana.

"I think the basic concept of using medical marijuana for the same purposes and with the same controls as other drugs prescribed by doctors, I think that's entirely appropriate," Obama told the Mail Tribune of Medford, Ore., in March.

A year earlier at a campaign stop in New Hampshire, Obama said: "I would not have the Justice Department prosecuting and raiding medical marijuana users."

At age 47, Obama is part of a generation that had plenty of exposure to pot.

In his memoir, "Dreams from My Father," he described time spent as a youth struggling with questions about his race and identity, and turning to drugs -- including marijuana and cocaine -- to "push questions of who I was out of my mind."

The new president is unlikely to make any official change in policy before he has a new DEA chief and drug czar in place.

Yet experts believe it is already clear the Obama administration will change the strategy, if not the law, on medical marijuana.

Philip Heymann, a former deputy attorney general in the Clinton administration who is now a Harvard professor, said it's time for the agency to put more effort into fighting drugs more dangerous than marijuana.

"I do expect him to appoint an administrator who takes marijuana less seriously than is traditional for the DEA, as I think most Americans do," said Heymann.

Heymann said he expects the Obama administration will eventually instruct the DEA to emphatically scale back raids on dispensaries, and conduct such raids only in instances where investigators believe a business is abusing the dispensary system as a cover for other criminal behavior.

So last week's raids in California may be the last of their kind.

"The DEA's not likely to want to confront a new president," said Heymann. "It may simply be that they're behaving as they have traditionally, and they haven't anticipated the change Obama and his spokesman are signaling."

--------

Associated Press writer Michael Blood in Los Angeles contributed to this report.

Protests demand end to medical pot shop raids



(02-06) 04:00 PST LOS ANGELES -- The Obama administration should halt federal raids of medical marijuana dispensaries, a long-sought turnaround from the policy of the Bush White House, protesters said Thursday.


The Drug Enforcement Administration raided four dispensaries in Los Angeles this week and seized 500 pounds of marijuana, bringing fresh attention to the rift between state and federal law on medical marijuana use. President Obama said during the campaign he would not use the Justice Department, which oversees the DEA, to circumvent state laws.

Dozens of demonstrators gathered outside a downtown federal office building to call on the DEA to cease the raids, which also seized $10,000 in cash. They chanted "Obama stop the raids" and "DEA go away."

"Somebody forgot to tell them all the rules are changing," said Don Duncan of Americans for Safe Access, an advocacy group that promotes medical marijuana use and research.

California is among the states that allow the sale of marijuana for medicinal purposes, but the federal government has not recognized those laws. "Anyone possessing, distributing or cultivating marijuana for any reason is in violation of federal law," said DEA spokeswoman Sarah Pullen.

But Obama has said he will change direction.

"I think the basic concept of using medical marijuana for the same purposes and with the same controls as other drugs prescribed by doctors, I think that's entirely appropriate," Obama told the Mail Tribune of Medford, Ore., last March. "I'm not going to be using Justice Department resources to try to circumvent state laws on this issue."

Pullen directed questions on medical marijuana policy to the Justice Department in Washington. On Thursday, White House spokesman Nick Shapiro said "the president believes that federal resources should not be used to circumvent state laws. "

This article appeared on page B - 6 of the San Francisco Chronicle

Alternative Jet Fuel: The Jatropha Plant?

http://images.businessweek.com/story/09/600/0206_jatropha.jpg

Shoots of jatropha, a bush with seeds from which oil can be extracted to be used as fuel in multipurpose diesel engines. ISSOUF SANOGO/AFP/Getty Images

There's a lot of interest in the inedible jatropha, but can this rough-and-tumble weed ever really take the place of Big Oil?

An ugly, toxic, tough-skinned weed has made a bit of a splash in recent weeks as a renewable energy source that wields a unique distinction: a decent shot at commercial viability. Oil made from the seeds of the jatropha plant, native to Central America and used for centuries as a hedgerow, has helped to power test flights by Air New Zealand (AIZ.AX), Japan Airlines (9205.T), and Continental Airlines (CAL) in the past six weeks. The oil's ability to replace kerosene-based jet fuel has provoked cautious optimism among researchers aiming to speed the aviation world's transition from crude oil.

Pilots ran the jet engines through a battery of tests, including complete shutdowns and restarts, to investigate jatropha's legitimacy as a jet fuel. "From a technical perspective, it performed flawlessly," says Darrin Morgan, director of sustainable biofuels strategy for Boeing (BA). The airplane maker is part of the Sustainable Aviation Fuel Users Group, a consortium that includes nine airlines and UOP, a Honeywell (HON) subsidiary focused on fuel technology. Created in 2008, the group's goal is eventually to power jets with alternatives such as jatropha, algae, and camelina, a prairie grass.

Jatropha has long been used as a hedgerow and, less frequently, as a parasol to shade coffee crops. Its leaves have been used as a pesticide, its bark for dye, and its oil for soap. One of the so-called third-generation of bio­fuels, which includes algae and switchgrass, jatropha yields more energy than oils derived from soy or corn and avoids the food vs. fuel debate. Its fruit is poisonous and, like any weed worth its name, jatropha can grow on non-arable ground, such as sub-Saharan Africa and India, the current leading grower.

While soy can produce 60 gallons to 100 gallons of oil per hectare (2.5 acres) each year, jatropha's pressed seeds yield roughly 600 gallons of amber-tinted oil. Its durability in conditions that would make other plants wither, plus its 40-year lifespan, has created a bit of a mythology. "There's a lot of hype it can grow on the side of a cliff, upside down, with no sunlight," jokes Sanjay Pingle, president of Terasol Energy, a plant biotechnology company.

A Tiny Blip So Far

For many, the idea of a rough-and-tumble weed supplanting Big Oil holds a certain romance, but Morgan and others believe jatropha can claim a legitimate future in the energy business. Yet for all of jatropha's success as an easy-to-refine "drop-in" jet fuel, it remains a very tiny green blip on the radar of energy policy. Still, with a new Administration friendlier toward renewable energy, that blip could grow. President Barack Obama's stimulus package includes $18 billion to spur research into renewable energy.

Jatropha backers' delight is tempered by several enormous challenges: There's no commercial quantity at the moment, even in the distant countries where it is cultivated, and the refined oil's production faces several critical hurdles. The plants require two or three years to produce their first full fruit, and seed oil won't hit the world market in bulk for another year or two. Compounding the immediate shortage is that the fruit clusters don't ripen simultaneously, making mechanization impossible. Through agronomy, and altering the plant's genetic makeup, jatropha researchers say both problems are fixable.

Most biofuels, such as the common ethanol gasoline additive, also exact an expensive physical toll on supply chains. Ethanol corrodes pipelines and biofuels strip off loose particles, which contaminate the oil supply. Another major issue to address is jatropha's need for warm climes. Even 48 hours in frost typically kills the plant, making it difficult to cultivate in most of the U.S. Until plant geneticists can overcome frost problems, U.S. companies will likely import the oil by ship from South America, Asia, and Africa.

Algae Appeal

If jatropha alone isn't ready to fill petroleum's large shoes, biofuels researchers are also exploring algae. Algae can be grown almost anywhere, although in the wild well-fed algae is particularly appealing to birds, fish, and microorganisms hunting their own fuel. An added advantage of coastal cultivation is that algae farms could be near refineries, connecting two parts of the supply chain that can be easily linked to shipping routes. Algae can be harvested multiple times per day rather than a few times per year, and an acre produces an estimated yield of upwards of 5,000 gallons annually—100 times more than soybeans. Will Thurmond, president of Emerging Markets Online and author of Biodiesel 2020 helped coordinate fuel for the Jan. 7 Continental flight as a volunteer with the National Algae Assn. Synthetic biology company Solazyme, which counts Chevron (CVX) as an investor, brews algae near San Francisco, fattening it on sugar and sawdust. "Brewing it is just like Budweiser," Thurmond says.

For a market to open, algae producers need to start mass producing. But first, they need to perfect the process. Thurmond compares the third-generation successes with making a perfect batch of beer at home. "What happens when you want to make 100 million gallons of that?" he asks, alluding to unexpected impurities and manufacturing problems. South San Francisco-based Solazyme is already cutting production costs—over the past three years, the company says its price per gallon has dropped from $3,000 to $8.

Jatropha's price point is still wide open. Without mechanized harvesting, mass distribution simply will not happen. Terasol Energy planted 13,000 oilseed plants, including jatropha, in Brazil. For undeveloped regions, a lack of large industrialized farming competition is a blessing since the harvest provides manual labor. Since jatropha's seed is 35% to 40% oil, pressing is typically done near the crops to reduce weight and shipping costs. In South Africa, Tanzania, East Africa, and Southeast Asia, plants are sprouting by the millions of acres. The Indian government doled out 30 million seeds with a guarantee to buy back citizens' plants. Boeing is collaborating with the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies to develop a plan for large-scale jatropha cultivation, and schools such as the University of Florida and the University of California at Berkeley are also researching the plant. Even with crude oil back to $40 per barrel, the European Union carbon caps that start in 2012 are incentive for international aviation to start moving quickly. "Mankind is pretty good when there's a need," says Jennifer Holmgren, director of renewable energy and chemicals for UOP, the Honeywell subsidiary.

Spielberg is an intern at BusinessWeek.

Amazing photos of polar bears- the most endangered animals

By Mail Foreign Service

A formidable hunter and powerful swimmer, the polar bear is perfectly adapted to the harsh demands of the wild Arctic landscape.

And these extraordinary pictures give a more intimate portrait of its life than ever before.

Whether diving under water, rolling in the ice alongside a cub or moving in for a breathtaking close-up, these images capture its raw beauty and amazing grace.

Enlarge polar bear

Deep sea diver: Steven John Kazlowski spent five years photographing polar bears in the Arctic for his new book

The photographs were taken by Steven John Kazlowski, 39, who has spent the last 16 years travelling to the Arctic to take pictures of the amazing wildlife in the region.

His new book 'The Last Polar Bear' features images taken over the last five years which he hopes will highlight the animal' plight.

Global warming is weakening the ice in the Arctic and shortening the season during which it is close enough to shore for bears to move easily between floes and the shore.
Enlarge polar bears

Up close and personal: One bear gets a little to close for comfort (above) while another plays on the ice with a young cub (below)


polar bears

Many bears find themselves stranded either on land, where adequate prey is difficult to find, or on ice miles out at sea.

'The polar bears' plight is a wake-up call,' Mr Kazlowski said.

'The changes in the Arctic are just the start of the global climate changes we will see, and it's not too late for us to make some smart choices.
Enlarge polar bears

An adult bear frolics on the ice with a cub (above) while another is stalked by an Arctic fox (below)

polar bear

'My hopes are that people will understand that there is an environment as amazing as the one great buffalo herds once roamed across North America, and that it's changing extremely rapidly because of the way we have chose to live as a society, and that we are all connected.


'The intelligence and social abilities of polar bears are quite something.

 Steven J. Kazlowski

Photographer Steven J. Kazlowski who has spent the last 16 years travelling to the Arctic

'I have watched polar bears break holes in ice to thaw out frozen meat. They can wait for days at a seal hole without moving, which puts them in my mind to be a more zen-like animal.

'Compiling this book has pushed me in many new directions in the Alaskan Arctic, and has been a very difficult yet wonderful existence.

'It is not only the story of the polar bear but this amazing environment found off the coast of Alaska, along 800 miles from east to west above the Continental shelf.

'It hosts a rich web of life - animals and people included.'

Mr Kazlowski splits his year between Washington, Seattle and the Arctic and has now embarked on a lecture tour to publicise the threats facing the polar bear.

Many biologists and climatologists believe that by the end of the century, the creature could be the first to disappear altogether from the Arctic.

First Drive: 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid

The new city driving champion.

By Tom Wilson of MSN autos
2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid (© Ford Motor Company)
Click to see more pictures

The Fusion Hybrid sports the same sleek headlights and larger grille as other new Fusions. Discreet hybrid badges and multispoke 17-inch wheels denote the Hybrid.

When Ford redesigned and re-engineered the midsize Fusion for 2010, it wisely included its second-generation gas-electric hybrid technology into the model mix. The result is a hybrid capable enough to sweep aside the competition. Fully featured, fast, comfortable and capable of 40 mpg in stop-and-go traffic, the 2010 Fusion Hybrid redefines the hybrid, and is now the one to beat. Look out, Toyota Prius.

Trim Choices
A volume player, the single Fusion Hybrid model is a fully equipped 4-door, 5-passenger sedan. Starting with the standard Fusion’s SEL trim means that nice features such as automatic dual-zone climate control and power seats are already in place. To these Ford has added a single 110-volt power point, 6-speaker sound and reverse sensing system as standard equipment. And in a fit of eco-marketing, the seat fabric is made from 100 percent post-industrial materials. A full suite of options is available, including voice-activated navigation with an 8-inch touch screen and satellite radio.

Outside, the Hybrid is marked by the Fusion’s new cleaner, sportier styling, plus simple “road and leaf” badging and unique multispoke 17-inch aluminum wheels. The tires are P225/50VR-17 black sidewalls. Otherwise the exterior trim is cleanly upscale to blend into the cityscape, unlike overtly styled first-generation hybrids designed to attract attention to their hybrid uniqueness. The Fusion is taking hybrids mainstream.

Under the Hood
An Atkinson cycle version of the newly developed 2.5-liter twin-cam, 4-valve-per-cylinder 4-cylinder gasoline engine is the Fusion Hybrid’s prime mover. It makes 156 horsepower and is coupled to a continuously variable automatic transmission. Electric power comes from a 106 horsepower AC motor, for a combined maximum output of 191 ponies and generous torque, all driven through the front tires.

A second starter/generator motor starts the gas engine and provides braking power, which is used to recharge the 275-volt nickel-metal-hydride battery pack.

Because the gasoline engine is often not running — the Fusion Hybrid can reach an impressive 47 mph on battery power alone — the power steering and air conditioning are electrically powered. Furthermore, the gasoline engine and all computer controls are optimized to keep hot water on hand for the heater and defroster.

Inner Space
Inside, the 2010 Fusion Hybrid is mainly a 2010 Fusion — a good thing. There is generous room for the two front-seaters in a cabin that’s been moved nicely upscale at almost every point. A new dash, improved seat structures and upgraded materials are found throughout. The Hybrid does fix the rear seat to accommodate the battery pack and controller, so there is no pass-through capability.

Front-seaters also have plenty to engage them intellectually. An innovative LCD instrument cluster packs a library of powertrain information clearly and intuitively. Multiple menus both inform and subtly teach the finer points of hybrid driving, including a growing vine display to graphically underscore the instant and trip fuel-economy digital readouts. It sounds corny, but is actually fun.

Fully optioned, the Fusion Hybrid provides state-of-the-art electronics that come off particularly well in the quiet cockpit. Behind-the-scenes improvements such as thicker glass have reduced road and wind noise, plus the electric powertrain is nearly inaudible, bringing the sound and voice-activated systems to the fore.

On the Road
The most amazing thing about the Fusion Hybrid is the inability to sense how it is powered. Sure, the EcoGuide will happily overload you with graphical power path displays. But by the seat of your pants, the Hybrid simply glides along, seamlessly switching among electric, gasoline or combined power. Considerable effort went into everything, from computer software to crafty engine-management tricks to smooth the transitions, or so we were told. The effort was well worth it.

2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid (© Ford Motor Company) Click picture to enlarge

Cleanly taut styling hints at the Fusion Hybrid’s fun-to-drive personality. Plus, the subtle high-tech vibe makes the Hybrid more compelling than an appliance.

With a little experience, one can tell when the gasoline engine kicks in. It can be detected by a minor “grain” of vibration. But in city traffic, this is an occasional occurrence. More common is the slight whine from the electric motor when starting off from rest, the background whir of the air conditioning and the distant sound of nearby vehicles. At stoplights, the experience is a calming peace, which turns to disappointment when returning to conventionally powered vehicles and their ceaseless busyness.

Furthermore, the Fusion Hybrid has beans. Stomp the accelerator and the Hybrid runs harder than the energetic standard 4-cylinder models and approaches the 3.5-liter Sport’s acceleration. Such driving won’t grow many leaves on the instrument cluster, but it will answer the call of wild traffic. A lower center of gravity and better front-to-rear weight balance than pure gasoline Fusions means the Hybrid is naturally pleasing in the turns, too. Not hurting is the electric power steering, which offers more feel than the traditional hydraulic power steering, now used only in the Fusion Sport. Likewise, braking is seamless between regenerative and the standard friction brakes. A built-in “creep” in the electric power means the Hybrid acts like an automatic, so it’s necessary to hold the brakes at lights.

The Fusion Hybrid runs on 87 octane gasoline — but not too much of it, given a 39 city/37 highway EPA fuel economy rating. Kept in ideal conditions — clogged urban stop-and-go traffic — the Hybrid can just manage 700 miles per tank of gas, or one trip to the gas station per month, perhaps. Our test driving netted 40 mpg on Los Angeles surface streets, and our guess is a high-30s mpg average is very realistic for an urban Fusion Hybrid.

Right for You?
Deciding on any hybrid means being honest in how you drive it. Fusion Hybrids make sense in dense urban traffic, where their regenerative braking regains 94 percent of braking energy. Conversely, hybrids suffer from the now nearly useless weight of motors and batteries when on the open road, where a diesel makes more sense anyway.

Starting at $27,270, the Fusion Hybrid is not particularly inexpensive initially, and fully loaded it will reach into the low $30Ks. A conventional 2.5-liter 2010 Fusion SEL is similarly equipped, almost as fast and starts at $23,975. It pencils ahead of the Hybrid for about the first 40,000 miles at $2.50 per gallon, but isn’t as quiet as the Hybrid and doesn’t offer its green cachet.

Battery life is officially rated by Ford at 10 years or 150,000 miles. Unofficially, however, fleet testing shows the batteries can go 300,000 miles in daily use. Likewise, brake pads last nearly forever as the regenerative braking does almost all the work in typical driving. Given the necessary urban driving, we’d lean to the Fusion Hybrid to gain the quiet operation and enjoy this most modern of technologies.

Longtime Road & Track contributor Tom Wilson’s credits include local racing championships, three technical engine books and hundreds of freelance articles.